ABSTRACT
The neuropeptide orexin is widely distributed in the nervous system. Previous studies showed that orexin is involved in the feeding behavior regulation by binding to its receptor 1 (OX1R) and receptor 2 (OX2R) to activate the downstream signaling pathway. Recent studies have demonstrated that the system of orexin and its receptors are also involved in important physiological processes such as sleep-wake, learning and memory, and pathological processes of various neurological diseases. In this review, we summarized the research progress on the function of the orexin and its receptor system in physiological and pathological processes, and revealed the correlation between orexin and nervous system diseases, in order to provide the theoretical guidance for the diagnosis and treatment of the related diseases in the future.
Subject(s)
Humans , Nervous System Diseases , Orexin Receptors , Physiology , Orexins , Physiology , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the impact of comprehensive care on living conditions of hemophiliac patients in China.Methods Based on the managerial experience of the World Federation of Hemophilia(WFH) and China's national condition,we carried out comprehensive care on patients with hemophilia (PWH) in our center.Questionnaire surveys on living condition were conducted before and after intervention (in 2004 and 2016,respectively) to Beijing's permanent hemophiliacs.The results of questionnaires conducted in 2004 were settled as baseline data,and a comparative analysis was done between the baseline data and the results of surveys conducted in 2016 in the PWH who had received comprehensive care for at least 2 years.Results Totally 109 cases received baseline survey whereas 136 cases received questionnaires after intervention.Thirty-nine(28.7％) and 70(51.5％) patients conducted prophy-laxis or home treatment after receiving comprehensive care,respectively.There was significant difference (P＜0.01)in terms of treatment timeliness.Similar results were found (P＜0.01)in terms of times of bleeding per year,and there was significant improvement (P＜0.01) on joint disorder after comprehensive care.Conclusion After receiving comprehensive care,PWH are more willing to accept and conduct prophylaxis and home treatment.The bleeding can be controlled more effectively,and the treatment can be given more timely.Meanwhile,PWH can receive more improvements in joint and walking function.
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the impact of comprehensive care on living conditions of hemophiliac patients in China.Methods Based on the managerial experience of the World Federation of Hemophilia(WFH) and China's national condition,we carried out comprehensive care on patients with hemophilia (PWH) in our center.Questionnaire surveys on living condition were conducted before and after intervention (in 2004 and 2016,respectively) to Beijing's permanent hemophiliacs.The results of questionnaires conducted in 2004 were settled as baseline data,and a comparative analysis was done between the baseline data and the results of surveys conducted in 2016 in the PWH who had received comprehensive care for at least 2 years.Results Totally 109 cases received baseline survey whereas 136 cases received questionnaires after intervention.Thirty-nine(28.7％) and 70(51.5％) patients conducted prophy-laxis or home treatment after receiving comprehensive care,respectively.There was significant difference (P＜0.01)in terms of treatment timeliness.Similar results were found (P＜0.01)in terms of times of bleeding per year,and there was significant improvement (P＜0.01) on joint disorder after comprehensive care.Conclusion After receiving comprehensive care,PWH are more willing to accept and conduct prophylaxis and home treatment.The bleeding can be controlled more effectively,and the treatment can be given more timely.Meanwhile,PWH can receive more improvements in joint and walking function.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association of the apolipoprotein B gene polymorphisms with essential hypertension in Northern Chinese Han population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms of the apolipoprotein B (APOB) gene were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) method in 503 unrelated hypertensive patients and 490 healthy controls recruited from international collaborative study of cardiovascular disease in Asia (InterAsia).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The difference in the genotypic distributions could be neglected across the groups. The prevalence of X+ allele in healthy controls (4.8%) was less frequent in Chinese, and there was no significant difference in the frequency of the X+ allele between cases (5.7%) and controls (P = 0.38). The observed E- allele frequencies were closely similar among groups (5.9% in cases vs 5.0% in controls, P = 0.39). Logitstic regression analyses revealed that the lack of association still persisted after adjustment of other environmental factors. Haplotype analysis showed that X-E+ was most frequent and no haplotype could significantly contribute to essential hypertension.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The APOB gene XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms are not associated with essential hypertension in the Northern Chinese Han population. Future studies on single nucleotide polymorphisms in larger samples are needed to further investigate the possible contribution of the APOB gene to essential hypertension.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Apolipoproteins B , Genetics , Asian People , Genetics , Case-Control Studies , China , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Genotype , Hypertension , Genetics , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Hypertension is a complex biological trait that influenced by multiple factors. The encouraging results for hypertension research showed that the linkage analysis can be used to replicate other studies and discover new genetic risk factors. Previous studies linked human chromosome 14 to essential hypertension or blood pressure traits. With a Chinese population, we tried to replicate these findings.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A linkage scan was performed on chromosome 14 with 14-microsatellite markers with a density of about 10 centi Morgen (cM) in 147 Chinese hypertensive nuclear families. Multipoint non-parametric linkage analysis and exclusion mapping were performed with the GENEHUNTER software, whereas quantitative analysis was performed with the variance component method integrated in the SOLAR package.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the qualitative analysis, the highest non-parametric linkage score is 1.0 (P = 0.14) at D14S261 in the single point analysis, and no loci achieved non-parametric linkage score more than 1.0 in the multipoint analysis. Maximum-likelihood mapping showed no significant results, either. Subsequently the traditional exclusion criteria of the log-of-the-odds score-2 were adopted, and the chromosome 14 with lambda s > or = 2.4 was excluded. In the quantitative analysis of blood pressure with the SOLAR software, two-point analysis and multipoint analysis suggested no evidence for linkage occurred on chromosome 14 for systolic and diastolic blood pressure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There was no substantial evidence to support the linkage of chromosome 14 and essential hypertension or blood pressure trait in Chinese hypertensive subjects in this study.</p>